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A água régia (do latim "aqua regia" que significa "água real") é uma mistura de ácido nítrico e ácido clorídrico concentrados, geralmente na proporção de 1 para 3. É um líquido altamente corrosivo de coloração amarela. É uma das poucas substâncias que pode dissolver o ouro e a platina. E tem este nome de "água régia" devido a propriedade de dissolver os metais nobres ("regios"), embora o tantálio, irídio e outros metais extremamente inertes possam suportar o seu ataque. More information...

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  • An acid (... from the Latin acidus meaning sour) is traditionally considered any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water, i.e. a pH less than 7.0 in its standard state. That approximates the modern definition of Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Martin Lowry, who independently defined an acid as a compound which donates a hydrogen ion (H) to another compound. Common examples include acetic acid and sulfuric acid.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Acid-base.png
  • Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written -COOH or -CO2H. Carboxylic acids are Brønsted-Lowry acids — they are proton donors. Salts and anions of carboxylic acids are called carboxylates. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is therefore R-COOH, where R is some monovalent functional group.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carboxyl-3D-space-filling-labelled.png
  • Nitric acid, also known as aqua fortis and spirit of nitre, is a highly corrosive and toxic strong acid. Colorless when pure, older samples tend to acquire a yellow cast due to the accumulation of oxides of nitrogen. If the solution contains more than 86% nitric acid, it is referred to as fuming nitric acid. Fuming nitric acid is characterized as white fuming nitric acid and red fuming nitric acid, depending on the amount of nitrogen dioxide present.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nitric-acid-2D-dimensions.png
  • Sulfuric acid (sulphuric acid in British English) is a strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H2SO4. It is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sulfuric acid has many applications, and is one of the top products of the chemical industry. World production in 2001 was 165 million tonnes, with an approximate value of US$8 billion.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sulfuric_acid_burning_tissue_paper.jpg
  • In chemistry, hydronium is the common name for the aqueous cation H3O, the type of oxonium ion, produced by protonation of water. It is the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton (a positive hydrogen ion, H) to the surrounding water molecules (H2O). It is the presence of hydronium ion relative to hydroxide that determines a solution's pH.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hydroxonium-3D-elpot.png
  • A strong acid is an acid that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution by losing one proton, according to the equation HA(aq) → H(aq) + A(aq) For sulfuric acid which is diprotic, the "strong acid" designation refers only to dissociation of the first proton H2SO4(aq) → H(aq) + HSO4(aq) More precisely, the acid must be stronger in aqueous solution than hydronium ion, so strong acids are acids with a pKa < −1.74.
  • Carbonic acid (ancient name acid of air or aerial acid) has the formula H2CO3. It is also a name sometimes given to solutions of carbon dioxide in water, which contain small amounts of H2CO3. The salts of carbonic acids are called bicarbonates (or hydrogen carbonates) and carbonates. It is a weak acid. Carbonic acid should never be confused with carbolic acid, an antiquated name for phenol.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carbonic-acid-3D-vdW.png
  • Perchloric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula HClO4. Usually encountered as an aqueous solution, this colourless compound is a strong acid comparable in strength to sulfuric and nitric acids. It is useful for preparing perchlorate salts, especially ammonium perchlorate, an important rocket fuel. Perchloric acid is also dangerously corrosive and readily forms explosive mixtures.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Perchloric-acid-3D-vdW.png
  • An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid-base reactions. The equilibrium can be written symbolically as: HA File:Equilibrium.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carboxylic_acid_dimers.png
  • Boric acid, also called boracic acid or orthoboric acid or acidum boricum, is a weak acid often used as an antiseptic, insecticide, flame retardant, in nuclear power plants to control the fission rate of uranium, and as a precursor of other chemical compounds. It exists in the form of colorless crystals or a white powder and dissolves in water. It has the chemical formula H3BO3, sometimes written B(OH)3. When occurring as a mineral, it is called sassolite.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boric_acid.jpg

 

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  • The Bobcat (Lynx rufus) is a North American mammal of the cat family, Felidae. With twelve recognized subspecies, it ranges from southern Canada to northern Mexico, including most of the continental United States. The Bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas, as well as semi-desert, urban edge, forest edges and swampland environments. It persists in much of its original range and populations are healthy.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BobcatSecond.jpg
  • In geometry, a heptagon (or septagon) is a polygon with seven sides and seven angles. In a regular heptagon, in which all sides and all angles are equal, the sides meet at an angle of 5π/7 radians, 128.5714286 degrees. Its Schläfli symbol is (7). The area A of a regular heptagon of side length a is given by The heptagon is also sometimes referred to as the septagon, using "sept-" (an elision of, a Latin-derived numerical prefix, rather than, a Greek-derived numerical prefix).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:7-gone_approx.png
  • Eintracht Duisburg is a German sportsclub from the city of Duisburg, North Rhine-Westphalia. Founded in 1848 it is one of the country's oldest sport associations.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tus_99_Duisburg.png

 
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