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A vitamina D (ou calciferol) é uma vitamina que promove a absorção de cálcio (após a exposição à luz solar), essencial para o desenvolvimento normal dos ossos e dentes, atua também, como recentemente descoberto, no sistema imune, no coração, no cérebro e na secreção de insulina pelo pâncreas. É uma vitamina lipossolúvel obtida a partir do colesterol como precursor metabólico através da luz do sol, e de fontes dietéticas. More information...

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  • The term carotene is used for several related substances having the formula C40Hx, which are synthesized by plants but cannot be made by animals. Carotene is an orange photosynthetic pigment important for photosynthesis. Carotenes are responsible for the orange colour of the carrot for which it is named, and many other fruits and vegetables. Carotenes are also responsible for the orange colours in dry foliage.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BetaCarotene-3d.png
  • Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide and nicotinic acid amide, is the amide of nicotinic acid (vitamin B3 / niacin). Nicotinamide is a water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group. Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is converted to nicotinamide in vivo, and though the two are identical in their vitamin functions, nicotinamide does not have the same pharmacologic and toxic effects of niacin, which occur incidental to niacin's conversion.
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  • Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is an easily absorbed micronutrient with a key role in maintaining health in humans and animals. It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN, and is therefore required by all flavoproteins. As such, vitamin B2 is required for a wide variety of cellular processes. Like the other B vitamins, it plays a key role in energy metabolism, and for the metabolism of fats, ketone bodies, carbohydrates, and proteins.
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  • Thiamine or thiamin (pronounced "THIGH-a-min"), and named as the "thio-vitamine" ("sulfur-containing vitamin") is a water-soluble vitamin of the B complex. First named aneurin for the detrimental neurological effects of its lack in the diet, it was eventually assigned the generic descriptor name vitamin B1. Its phosphate derivatives are involved in many cellular processes. The best characterized form is thiamine pyrophosphate (ThDP), a coenzyme in the catabolism of sugars and amino acids.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thiochromes.jpg
  • Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient for humans and certain other animal species, in which it functions as a vitamin. Ascorbate (an ion of ascorbic acid) is required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants. It is made internally by almost all organisms; notable mammalian group exceptions are most or all of the order chiroptera (bats), and one of the two major primate suborders, the Anthropoidea (tarsiers, monkeys and apes, including mankind).
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GyorgyiNIH.jpg
  • A vitamin is an organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism. The term vitamin was derived from "vitamine", a combination word from vital and amine, because it was suggested that the organic micronutrient food factors which prevented beriberi and perhaps other similar dietary-deficiency diseases, might be chemical amines. This proved incorrect for the micronutient class, and the word was shortened.
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  • Vitamin K denotes a group of lipophilic, hydrophobic vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins, mostly required for blood coagulation. Chemically they are 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Vitamin K1 is also known as phylloquinone or phytomenadione (also called phytonadione).
  • Adenine is a nucleobase with a variety of roles in biochemistry including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and protein synthesis, as a chemical component of DNA and RNA. The shape of adenine is complementary to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA.
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  • Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5, is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life . Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In chemical structure, it is the amide between D-pantoate and beta-alanine.
  • File:Unbalanced scales. svg The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved. Error creating thumbnail: Invalid Parameter - white This article needs additional citations for verification. Vitamin E is a generic term for tocopherols and tocotrienols. Vitamin E is a family of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols and corresponding four tocotrienols.

 

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  • Alliin (al'-ee-in) is a sulfoxide that is a natural constituent of fresh garlic. It is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine. When fresh garlic is chopped or crushed, the enzyme alliinase converts alliin into allicin which is primarily responsible for the aroma of fresh garlic.
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