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2013-06-20 00:18:22
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A psicoacústica estuda a percepção subjetiva das qualidades (características) do som: intensidade, tom e timbre. Estas qualidades ou características do som estão, por sua vez, determinadas pelos próprios parâmetros do som, principalmente, freqüência e amplitude. Os parâmetros psicoacústicos mais relevantes são: Sonoridade: percepção subjetiva da intensidade (amplitude) sonora. Altura: está ligada à percepção do tom (na realidade, com a freqüência fundamental do sinal sonoro). More information...

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  • Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of sound, ultrasound and infrasound (all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids). A scientist who works in the field of acoustics is an acoustician. The application of acoustics in technology is called acoustical engineering. There is often much overlap and interaction between the interests of acousticians and acoustical engineers.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:3.5_Inch_Speaker.jpg
  • Acoustic theory is the field relating to mathematical description of sound waves. It is derived from fluid dynamics. See acoustics for the engineering approach. The propagation of sound waves in a fluid (such as air) can be modeled by an equation of motion and an equation of continuity.
  • The decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit of measurement that expresses the magnitude of a physical quantity relative to a specified or implied reference level. Since it expresses a ratio of two quantities with the same unit, it is a dimensionless unit. A decibel is one tenth of a bel, a seldom-used unit. The decibel is widely known as a measure of sound pressure level, but is also used for a wide variety of other measurements in science and engineering and other disciplines.
  • Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. It is also referred to as temporal frequency. The period is the duration of one cycle in a repeating event, so the period is the reciprocal of the frequency.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksim.png
  • The fundamental tone, often referred to simply as the fundamental and abbreviated f0 or F0, is the lowest frequency in a harmonic series. The fundamental frequency of a periodic signal is the inverse of the period length. The period is, in turn, the smallest repeating unit of a signal. One period thus describes the periodic signal completely.
  • Ultrasound is cyclic sound pressure with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing. Although this limit varies from person to person, it is approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz) in healthy, young adults and thus, 20 kHz serves as a useful lower limit in describing ultrasound. The production of ultrasound is used in many different fields, typically to penetrate a medium and measure the reflection signature or supply focused energy.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swing_shaft_spline_cracking.png
  • In atmospheric sounding and noise pollution, ambient noise level (sometimes called background noise level, reference sound level, or room noise level) is the sound pressure level at a given location, normally specified as a reference level to study a new intrusive sound source. Ambient sound levels are often measured in order to map sound conditions over a spatial regime to understand their variation with locale. In this case the product of the investigation is a sound level contour map.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Integrating_Sound_Level_Meter_dB%28A%29_Br%C3%BCel_Kj%C3%A6r_2225.jpg
  • In physics, attenuation (in some contexts also called extinction) is the gradual loss in intensity of any kind of flux through a medium. For instance, sunlight is attenuated by dark glasses, X-rays are attenuated by lead, and light and sound are attenuated while passing through seawater. In electrical engineering and telecommunications, attenuation affects the propagation of waves and signals in electrical circuits, in optical fibers, as well as in air (radio waves).
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Micrwavattrp.png
  • In acoustics and telecommunication, a harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. For example, if the fundamental frequency is f, the harmonics have frequencies f, 2f, 3f, 4f, etc. The harmonics have the property that they are all periodic at the fundamental frequency, therefore the sum of harmonics is also periodic at that frequency.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Table_of_Harmonics.jpg
  • An overtone is any resonant frequency higher than the fundamental frequency. The fundamental and the overtones together are called partials. Harmonics are partials whose frequencies are whole number multiples of the fundamental (including the fundamental which is 1 times itself. ) These overlapping terms are variously used when discussing the acoustic behavior of musical instruments.
    http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Overtones_closed_pipe.png

 

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