List: Pleistocene mammals

by likeorhate

•  Thylacoleo

  Thylacoleo ("Pouch Lion") is an extinct genus of carnivorous marsupials that lived in Australia from the late Pliocene to the late Pleistocene (2 million to 46 thousand years ago). Some of these "marsupial lions" were the largest mammalian predators in Australia of that time, with Thylacoleo carnifex approaching the weight of a small lion.

  

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•  Irish Elk

  The Irish Elk or Giant Deer (Megaloceros giganteus), was a species of Megaloceros and one of the largest deer that ever lived. Its range extended across Eurasia, from Ireland to east of Lake Baikal, during the Late Pleistocene. The latest known remains of the species have been carbon dated to about 7,700 years ago.

  

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•  Megaloceros

  The deer of the genus Megaloceros -; see also Lister (1987) - were found throughout Eurasia from the late Pliocene to the Late Pleistocene, and were important herbivores during the Ice Ages. The largest species, M. giganteus, better known as the "Irish Elk", is also the best known. Most members of the genus were extremely large animals that favored meadows or open woodlands, with most species averaging slightly below 2 meters at the withers.

  

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•  Palaeoloxodon

  Palaeoloxodon is an extinct subgenus of elephants, containing the various species of straight-tusked elephant. Its species' remains have been found in Bilzingsleben, Germany; Cyprus; Japan; Sicily; Malta; and recently in England during the excavation of the second Channel Tunnel. The English discovery, in northwest Kent, dated c. 400,000 ybp, was of a single adult; associated with it were Palaeolithic stone butchering tools of the type used by Homo heidelbergensis (BBC News).

  

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•  Dicerorhinus

  Dicerorhinus é um gênero de mamífero perrisodáctilo da família Rhinocerotidae. Somente uma espécie vivente é conhecida, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, entretanto cerca de 12 espécies fósseis são registradas.

  

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•  Steppe Wisent

  The Steppe Bison or steppe wisent (Bison priscus) was a bison found on steppes throughout Europe, Central Asia, Beringia and North America during the Quaternary. It is believed that it evolved somewhere in South Asia which would have it appearing at roughly the same time and region as the aurochs with which its descendants are sometimes confused.

  

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•  Homo floresiensis

  Homo floresiensis, nicknamed "hobbits," are a possible species of extinct human discovered in 2003 on the island of Flores in Indonesia. Partial skeletons of nine individuals have been recovered, including one complete cranium (skull). These remains have been the subject of intense research to determine whether they represent a species distinct from modern humans, and the progress of this scientific controversy has been closely followed by the news media at large.

  

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•  Stegodon

  Stegodon is a genus of the extinct subfamily Stegodontinae of the order Proboscidea. It was assigned to the family Elephantidae (Abel, 1919), but has also been placed in Stegodontidae (R. L. Carroll, 1988). Stegodonts lived in large parts of Asia during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. They were present from 11.6 mya to 11,000 years ago.

  

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•  Homo antecessor

  Homo antecessor is an extinct hominin and a potential distinct species dating from 1.2 million to 800,000 years ago, that was discovered by Eudald Carbonell, J. L. Arsuaga and J. M. Bermúdez de Castro. H. antecessor is one of the earliest known hominins in Europe. Many anthropologists believe that H. antecessor is either the same species or a direct antecedent to Homo heidelbergensis, who inhabited Europe from 600,000 to 250,000 years ago in the Pleistocene.

  

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•  Homo georgicus

  Homo georgicus is a species of Homo that was suggested in 2002 to describe fossil skulls and jaws found in Dmanisi, Georgia in 1999 and 2001, which seem intermediate between Homo habilis and H. erectus. A partial skeleton was discovered in 2001. The fossils are about 1.8 million years old. The remains were first discovered in 1991 by Georgian scientist, David Lordkipanidze, accompanied by an international team which unearthed the remains.

  

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•  Cave Lion

  The cave lion (Panthera leo spelaea) also known as the European or Eurasian cave lion, is an extinct subspecies of lion known from fossils and multiple examples of prehistoric art.

  

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•  American Lion

  The American lion (Panthera leo atrox) also known as the North American lion or American cave lion, is an extinct feline of the family Felidae, endemic to North America during the Pleistocene epoch (1.8 mya to 11,000 years ago), existing for approximately 1.789 million years.

  

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•  Gigantopithecus

  Gigantopithecus (from the Greek gigas - γίγας "giant", and pithecus - πίθηκος "ape") is an extinct genus of ape that existed from roughly one million years to as recently as three-hundred thousand years ago, in what is now China, India, and Vietnam, placing Gigantopithecus in the same time frame and geographical location as several hominin species.

  

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•  Pygmy Mammoth

  The Pygmy or Channel Islands Mammoth (Mammuthus exilis) is an extinct species of dwarf elephant descended from the Columbian mammoth (M. columbi). A case of island or insular dwarfism, M. exilis was only 4.5 ft (1.4 m) to 7 ft (2.1 m) tall at the shoulder and weighed about 2,000 lb (910 kg), in contrast to its 14 ft (4.3 m) tall, 20,000 lb (9,100 kg) ancestor. Remains of M.

  

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•  American cheetah

  Miracinonyx (American cheetahs) is an extinct genus of the family Felidae, endemic to North America during the Early Pliocene epoch (1.8 mya—11,000 years ago), existing for approximately 1.8 million years. There were at least two species of feline, morphologically similar to the modern cheetah. Living from three million to ten or twenty thousand years ago in North America, these cats are known only from fragments of skeletons. Two species have been identified: Miracinonyx inexpectatus and M.

  

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•  Homo rhodesiensis

  Homo rhodesiensis (Rhodesian man) is a possible hominin species described from the fossil Kabwe skull. Other morphologically-comparable remains have been found from the same, or earlier, time period in southern Africa (Hopefield or Saldanha), East Africa (Bodo, Ndutu, Eyasi, Ileret) and North Africa (Salé, Rabat, Dar-es-Soltane, Djbel Irhoud, Sidi Aberrahaman, Tighenif). These remains were dated between 300,000 and 125,000 years old.

  

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•  Giant Beaver

  O castor-gigante (Castoroides sp. ) é um dos maiores roedores que já existiram, chegando a atingir o tamanho de um urso (cerca de 2,7 m de comprimento) e os 250 kg de peso. Viveu há aproximadamente 50 mil anos durante o Pleistoceno na América do Norte. Este herbívoro utilizava seus dentes para roer vegetações duras como cascas de árvores.

  

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•  Toxodon

  Toxodon is an extinct mammal of the late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs about 2.6 million to 16,500 years ago. It was indigenous to South America, and was probably the most common large-hoofed mammal in South America at the time of its existence. Charles Darwin was one of the first to collect Toxodon fossils, after paying 18 pence for a T. platensis skull from a farmer in Uruguay.

  

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•  Homo cepranensis

  Homo cepranensis is a proposed name for a hominin species discovered in 1994 known from only one skull cap. The fossil was discovered by archeologist Italo Biddittu and was nick-named "Ceprano Man" after a nearby town in the province of Frosinone, 89 kilometers Southeast of Rome, Italy. The age of the fossil is estimated to be between 350,000 to 500,000 years old. An adjacent site, Fontana Ranuccio, was dated to 487,000 +/- 6000 years and Muttoni et al.

  

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•  Paranthropus robustus

  Paranthropus robustus was originally discovered in Southern Africa in 1938. The development of P. robustus, namely in cranial features, seemed to be aimed in the direction of a "heavy-chewing complex". Because of the definitive traits that are associated with this robust line of australopithecine, anthropologist Robert Broom erected the genus Paranthropus and placed this species into it.

  

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•  Paranthropus boisei

  Paranthropus boisei (originally called Zinjanthropus boisei and then Australopithecus boisei until recently) was an early hominin and described as the largest of the Paranthropus species. It lived from about 2.6 until about 1.2 million years ago during the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs in Eastern Africa.

  

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•  Elephas recki

  Elephas recki is an extinct species of African elephant. At up to 15 feet (4.5 metres) in shoulder height, it was one of the largest elephant species to have ever lived. It is believed that E. recki ranged throughout Africa between 3.5 and 1 million years ago. The Asian Elephant is the only extant member of the genus. E.

  

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•  Columbian Mammoth

  The Columbian Mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) is an extinct species of elephant of the Quaternary period that appeared in North America (in the present United States and to as far south as Nicaragua and Honduras) during the late Pleistocene. It is believed by some authorities to be the same species as its slightly larger cousin, M. imperator, because of their similarities in fossil location and size.

  

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•  Plesiorycteropus

  Plesiorycteropus madagascariensis ("Near Digging Foot of Madagascar") is one of the most bizarre and mysterious mammals known. Dubbed the "bibymalagasy", it was discovered from skeletal remains in Madagascar. Initially it was thought to be a species of aardvark that found its way to Madagascar millions of years ago. Ross D. E.

  

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•  Capromeryx minor

  Capromeryx minor is a very small, extinct species of pronghorn-like antilocaprid ungulate discovered in the La Brea Tar Pits of California and elsewhere. It has been found at least as far east as the coast of Texas. It stood about 60 centimetres tall at the shoulders and weighed about 10 kilograms (22 lb). It is unclear whether females had horns as well as males.

  

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