List: History of Afghanistan

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•  Sri Singha

  Shri Singha was a principal disciple and dharma-son of Manjushrimitra in the Dzogchen lineage. Vajranatha (2007) contextualises Sri Singha in relation to the Nyingma, Manjushrimitra, Tantra, Brahman, Garab Dorje, Uddiyana, Vimalamitra, Samye and Yogachara: According to the Nyingmapa tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, the Dzogchen masters Manjushrimitra and Shrisimha were already active in the Tantric milieu in India independently.

  

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•  Emirate of Afghanistan

  The Emirate of Afghanistan began with the end of the Durrani Empire and the reign of Dost Mohammad Khan in 1823 and ended when Amir Amanullah Khan became Shah in 1926. This period was characterized by the expansion of European colonial interests in Central Asia. In 1919 Afghanistan forced the English colonists for its national interests which was to be fully submitted independent Land of Afghans . from that on the date is remarked as an independent day of Afghanistan.

  

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•  Abu Ali Lawik

  Abu Ali Lawik or Anuk was the son of the last ruler of Zabul and also said to be a brother in law of the Hindu Shahi Ruler of the region, Kabul Shah . He was invited by the people of Ghazni to overthrow Pirai and proceeded in alliance with the Shahi Rulers of the region in this venture . Alptigin seized Zabulistan together with its capital Ghazni from Amir Abu Bakr Lawik in c AD 963, and there established an indipendent kingdom . He raised Sabuktigin to the position of a general .

  

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•  Afghanistan in the Course of History

  Afghanistan in the Course of History (original title Afghanistan Dar Maseere Tareekh) is a two volume historical book about Afghanistan's history. It is written by Mir Ghulam Mohammad Ghobar, one of Afghanistan's famous historians.

  

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•  Term Kamboja and its variants

  

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•  Lawapa

  Lawapa or Lavapa was a figure in Tibetan Buddhism who flourished in the 10th century. He was also known as Kambala and Kambalapada . Lawapa, was a mahasiddha, or accomplished yogi, who travelled to Tsari. Lawapa was a progenitor of the Dream Yoga sadhana and it was from Lawapa that the mahasiddha Tilopa received the Dream Yoga practice lineage.

  

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•  Jnanasutra

  Jnanasutra . (need dates) is a Vajrayana Dzogchenpa who was a disciple of Sri Singha. Jnanasutra was a spiritual brother of Vimalamitra, another principal disciple of Sri Singha.

  

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•  Pashtunization

  Pashtunization is a process of cultural or linguistic change in which something non-Pashtun becomes Pashtun. Pashtunization mostly happened by force by the Pashtun dominated government in the past 260 years. The lands of the non-Pashtun ethnic groups were confiscated by the government and were given to Pashtuns. People may also be Pashtunized; a person who settles in the Pashtun area becomes Pashtunized as he or she assimilate to the Pashtun culture.

  

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•  Sadozai (Pashtun tribe)

  The Sadozai are lineage of Ahmad Shah Abdali. Other important clans of this division of the Abdali tribe are Mohammadzai Kings, Barakzai Kings, Alakozai, Achakzai, Popalzai and Musazai. Most of the notable Afghan kings and rulers belong to Sadduzai and their servants in order MohammadZai, BarakZai clans. Ahmad Shah Abdali himself was a sadozai. Sadozai are mostly living in the valleys of Tarnak, Kandhar, and Kabul.

  

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•  Chiliss

  Chiliss are an ancient people from the Indus Valley in the Hindu Kush, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Chiliss were according to their tradition originally came from Boneyr . Their presence is recorded as late as 1873.

  

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•  Saśigupta

  Saśigupta was an historical personage of considerable eminence hailing from the Paropamisadean region i. e region lying between Hindukush and Indus. His name appears twice in Arrian’s Anabasis and once in Historiae Alexendri Magni by Curtius. The name Saśigupta literally means “moon-protected”---the “Saśi” part of the name being equivalent to Chandra or the moon.

  

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•  Shin of Hindukush

  Shin are a Dardic people settled around the Hindu Kush mountains of Afghanistan and Pakistan and further east. Shin is a tribe spread throughout the Indus Valley in Kohistan, extending as far North as Baltistan and east as Ladakh and Drass. The part of the Indus Valley below Ghor to the Afghan border near Ghorband is called Shinkari and its southernmost part is home to the purest Shin community known.

  

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•  Negudar

  Negudar (Nikudar, Neguder) was a Mongol general under Berke, and a Golden Horde Noyan. With many other Golden Horde generals, he embraced Islam in the late 13th century. He subsequently took the Muslim name of Ahmad Khan. Before the conflicts between Berke and Hulegu, Negudar fostered peace in Eastern Khorasan and its surrounding areas in Central Asia.

  

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•  Apracaraja Indravarman's Silver Reliquary

  An Inscribed Silver Buddhist Reliquary or Apracaraja Indravarman's Silver Reliquary has been found, presumably from Bajaur area of ancient Kapisa . Believed to have been fabricated originally at Taxila, the silver reliquary consists of two parts -- the base and the cover-- both being fluted, and the cover being topped by a figure of long horned Ibex.

  

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•  Badaber Uprising

  Badaber Uprising was an armed uprising by Soviet and Republic of Afghanistan (RA) captives at Badaber, Pakistan in April 26 and 27, 1985, against much larger units of Pakistan's regular army accompanied by Afghan mujahideen. The attempt of the captives to liberate themselves failed. As a result of the two-day assault of the fortress-jail Badaber by the guards with accompanying artillery shelling, all the captives were killed.

  

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•  Shabnama

  A shabnama (from Persian شبنامه, literally "night letter") is a pamphlet communicating warnings or direction, which are surreptitiously distributed.

  

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•  Eastern Shura

  During the American aerial bombardment of Afghanistan, when the United States struck at Afghanistan's Taliban regime, regional and tribal leaders rose up to oust the Taliban in Khowst Province and Nangarhar Province formed an alliance known as the Eastern Shura.

  

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•  Qara'unas

  Qaraunas (Blacks or Mixed) or Neguderis were a Mongol group that settled in Afghanistan and Eastern Persia.

  

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•  Nawab Ali Mohammad Khan Khakwani

  Nawab Ali Mohammad Khan belonged to the Mohsin zai clan of the Khogiani tribe. He was appointed as the governor of Multan Province by Ahmad Shah Durrani, the Emperor of Afghanistan. He was given the title of Nawab, because of his contribution and support Multan was annexed with Afghanistan.

  

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•  Prince Vishnupalita Kambhoja

  

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•  Maha Kapphina

  Maha Kapphina (Kappina, Kaphina, Kapphina, Kampilla, Kaphila or Kashphila, or Maha Kappina), also called Maha Kapphina Thera, was an eminent Arahant from Uttarapatha and is considered foremost among those who taught the monks . Maha Kapphina was his monastic name. He became disciple of Buddha and is one of the five hundred Arahants who will be born as future Buddhas, according to the Buddhist beliefs.

  

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•  Kamsabhoga

  Kamsabhoga (or Kamsabhoja) was the name of an ancient country said to be located in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India with its capital being Asitañjana, where king Mahākamsa and his successors of the Kamsavamsa race ruled . Name Kamsabhoga finds mention in the Buddhist traditions only. The Kamsavamsa dynasty was destroyed by the sons of Devagabbha and Upasagara known in the Buddhist texts as Andhakavenhudasaputta

  

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•  Haqqani network

  The Haqqani Network is an independent insurgent group in Afghanistan and Pakistan that is closely allied with the Taliban. Maulavi Jalaluddin Haqqani along with his son Sirajuddin Haqqani lead the Haqqani network. The network is thought to present one of the biggest threats to NATO and United States forces in Afghanistan.

  

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•  Kamboj in ancient Inscriptions

  

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