List: Borders

by likeorhate

•  United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

  The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place from 1973 through 1982.

  

  25.0%
  

  25.0%
  

  50.0%
  
•  Offa's Dyke

  Offa's Dyke is a massive linear earthwork, roughly following some of the current border between England and Wales. In places, it is up to 65 feet (20 m) wide (including its flanking ditch) and 8 feet (2.5 m) high. In the 8th century it formed some kind of delineation between the Anglian kingdom of Mercia and the Welsh kingdom of Powys. It has been the subject of considerable research in recent years, dispelling many of the earlier understandings.

  

  25.0%
  

  25.0%
  

  50.0%
  
•  Mason-Dixon Line

  

  50.0%
  

  16.7%
  

  33.3%
  
•  Schengen Agreement

  [[File:Schengenzone. svg|thumb|300px|Schengen Agreement The Schengen Agreement is a treaty signed in 1985, on the river-boat "Princess Marie-Astrid" anchored in Schengen, Luxembourg, between five of the ten member states of the European Community: Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany. The Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement supplemented it 5 years later, providing for the removal of systematic border controls between the participating countries.

  

  66.7%
  

  0.0%
  

  33.3%
  
•  Durand Line

  The Durand Line refers to the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, which is poorly marked and approximately 2,640 kilometers (1,610 miles) long. It was established after the 1893 Durand Line Agreement between the Government of colonial British India and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan for fixing the limit of their respective spheres of influence. It is named after Henry Mortimer Durand, the Foreign Secretary of British India at the time.

  

  33.3%
  

  66.7%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Extraterritorial crossroad

  In a country that is split into two or more non-adjacent parts, with another country in between, an extraterritorial crossroad is a strip of land that formally belongs to neither country, or with other special arrangements. Often these strips of land are to be formally administered by the United Nations. Examples of extraterritorial crossroads include: Germany after World War I. The Polish corridor to the Baltic Sea separated East Prussia from the rest of Germany.

  

  25.0%
  

  50.0%
  

  25.0%
  
•  Border

  Borders define geographic boundaries of political entities or legal jurisdictions, such as governments, sovereign states, federated states and other subnational entities. Some borders—such as a state's internal administrative borders, or inter-state borders within the Schengen Area—are open and completely unguarded. Other borders are partially or fully controlled, and may be crossed legally only at designated border checkpoints.

  

  60.0%
  

  20.0%
  

  20.0%
  
•  Border control

  Border controls are measures used by a country to monitor or regulate its borders. The control of the flow of many people, animals and goods across a border may be controlled by government Customs services. Security is enforced by various kinds of Border Guards and Coast Guards. Official designations, jurisdictions and subordinations of these agencies vary.

  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Border checkpoint

  A border checkpoint is a place on the land border between two states where travellers and/or goods are inspected. Authorization is often required to enter a country through its borders. Access-controlled borders often have a limited number of checkpoints where they can be crossed without legal sanctions. International and supranational arrangements may be formed to allow or mandate less restrained crossings.

  

  0.0%
  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  49th parallel north

  The 49th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 49 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The parallel forms part of the United States-Canadian Border from British Columbia to Manitoba on the Canadian side and from Washington to Minnesota on the U.S. side, or from the Strait of Georgia to the Lake of the Woods.

  

  33.3%
  

  33.3%
  

  33.3%
  
•  Korean Demilitarized Zone

  The Korean Demilitarized Zone is a strip of land running across the Korean Peninsula that serves as a buffer zone between North and South Korea. The DMZ cuts the Korean Peninsula roughly in half, crossing the 38th parallel on an angle, with the west end of the DMZ lying south of the parallel and the east end lying north of it. It is 155 miles (248 km) long and approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) wide, and is the most heavily militarized border in the world.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  100.0%
  
•  Curzon Line

  The Curzon Line was a demarcation line between the Second Polish Republic and Bolshevik Russia, first proposed on December 8, 1919 at the Allied Supreme Council declaration. The line was authored by British Foreign Secretary, George Curzon, 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston. In the wake of World War I and the Russian Civil War, the two countries disputed their borders, and the Polish-Soviet War erupted. In July 1920, Curzon asked the Soviet government to accept it as a possible armistice line.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  McMahon Line

  The McMahon Line is a line agreed to by Great Britain and Tibet as part of Simla Accord, a treaty signed in 1914. Although its legal status is disputed, it is the effective boundary between China and India. The line is named after Sir Henry McMahon, foreign secretary of British India and the chief negotiator of the convention.

  

  66.7%
  

  0.0%
  

  33.3%
  
•  International waters

  The terms international waters or trans-boundary waters apply where any of the following types of bodies of water transcend international boundaries: oceans, large marine ecosystems, enclosed or semi-enclosed regional seas and estuaries, rivers, lakes, groundwater systems, and wetlands. Oceans, seas, and waters outside of national jurisdiction are also referred to as the high seas or, in Latin, mare liberum.

  

  0.0%
  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Port of entry

  A port of entry is a place where one may lawfully enter a country. It typically has a staff of persons who check passports and visas and inspect luggage to assure that contraband is not imported. International airports are usually ports of entry, as are road and rail crossings on a land border. Seaports can be used ports of entry only if a dedicated customs presence is posted there. The choice of whether to become a port of entry is up to the civil authority controlling the port.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Continental shelf

  The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent and associated coastal plain, and was part of the continent during the glacial periods, but is undersea during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs. The continental rise is below the slope, but landward of the abyssal plains. Its gradient is intermediate between the slope and the shelf, on the order of 0.5-1°.

  

  0.0%
  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Territorial waters

  Territorial waters, or a territorial sea, as defined by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is a belt of coastal waters extending at most twelve nautical miles from the baseline (usually the mean low-water mark) of a coastal state. The territorial sea is regarded as the sovereign territory of the state, although foreign ships (both military and civilian) are allowed innocent passage through it; this sovereignty also extends to the airspace over and seabed below.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  List of countries that border only one other country

  This is a list of countries that have a land border with only one other country. The list does not include de facto independent disputed areas or unrecognised countries. Some of these countries may be said to have several neighbours "by sea". As an example Denmark "borders" Sweden and Norway by sea, and Canada has sea boundaries with Denmark and France (between the island of Newfoundland and the territory of St. Pierre and Miquelon). Note on leased/ceded territories.

  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Alaska boundary dispute

  The Alaska Boundary Dispute was a territorial dispute between the United States and Canada (then a British Dominion with its foreign affairs controlled from London), and at a subnational level between District of Alaska on the U.S. side and British Columbia on the Canadian side. It was resolved by arbitration in 1903. The dispute had been going on between the Russian and British Empires since 1821, and was inherited by the United States as a consequence of the Alaska Purchase in 1867.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Line of Actual Control

  The Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the effective border between India and China. The LAC is 4,057-km long and traverses three areas of northern Indian states: western, middle and eastern. Chinese Prime Minister Zhou Enlai first used the phrase in a letter addressed to Indian Prime Minister Nehru dated October 24, 1959.

  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Divided cities

  A divided city is one which, as a consequence of political changes or border shifts, presently constitutes (or once constituted) two separate entities. Listed are the localities and the state they belonged to at the time of division.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus

  The United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus runs for more than 180 km along what is known as the Green Line and has an area of 346 km square.

  

  100.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Exclusive Economic Zone

  Under the law of the sea, an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a seazone over which a state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources. It stretches from the seaward edge of the state's territorial sea out to 200 nautical miles from its coast. In casual use, the term may include the territorial sea and even the continental shelf beyond the 200 mile limit.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Natural border

  A natural border is a border between states which is composed of natural formations such as rivers, mountain ranges, or deserts. Having a natural border is strategically very useful, as invading armies have a hard time crossing such a border. They are also easily defended. Expanding until natural borders are reached, and maintaining those borders once conquered, have long been a major focus of foreign policy and war goals in the past.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  
•  Border trade

  Border trade, in general, refers to the flow of goods and services across the international borders between jurisdictions. In this sense, it is a part of normal legal trade that flows through standard export/import frameworks of nations.

  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%
  

  0.0%